Mindrape

First, as you mention, the DMG's artifact Book of Vile Darkness has a sidebar that explicitly states. The book could hold a ritual that allows a character to become a lich or death knight. So, that's at least a possibility, but not an exclusive one. Second, in the description of Liches on MM 203, it loosely covers how Wizards can become Liches. This includes. 223 Vile Lore (in reference to the Book of Vile Darkness 230 Alternative to Epic Boons (for level 20 characters) 238 Intelligence Check vs. Wisdom Check 278 Attack Riders (referencing attacks that do more than just damage) Which is a long way of saying 'It doesn't look like it'.

(Book of Vile Darkness, p. 99)
Enchantment[Evil, Mind-Affecting]
Level:Sorcerer 9,Wizard 9,
Components:V,S,
Casting Time: 1 action

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Range: Medium (100 ft. + 10 ft./level)
Target: One creature
Duration: Instantaneous
Saving Throw: Will negates
Spell Resistance: Yes

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The caster enters the mind of a creature, learning everything that creature knows. The caster can erase or add memories as she sees fit and alter emotions, opinions, and even alignment. When the caster is done, she can leave the creature insane (as described in the insanity spell) or seemingly unaffected, without any memory of the intrusion.

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Severe changes to personality and changes to alignment can be corrected by a break enchantment spell (although an atonement spell might be needed as well, depending on circumstances). Alterations to memories and subtler thoughts can be restored only through use of a miracle or wish.